Le calcul intensif (HPC) a été déterminant pour la généralisation de l'intelligence artificielle à tous les domaines et tous les publics, en permettant une analyse de masses de données considérables en un temps record. Dans le domaine médical, les applications sont très nombreuses, comme par exemple la mise en au point de nouveaux médicaments, la médecine personnalisée, le traitement d'image. Nous retracerons l'histoire des progrès de l'IA grâce au HPC, puis nous aurons un aperçu des moyens à disposition des chercheurs et enfin des exemples concrets d'utilisation de ces moyens.

Thanks to the detailed view provided by molecular dynamics simulations, the design of new drugs can be carried out in a more rational way. This approach in itself can greatly speed up drug development. Theoretical chemists, in particular during the COVID19 pandemy, have provided important insights into the mechanisms of interaction between the viral spike protein and the host receptor. This is only the most famous example, but applications to major health problems such as antibiotic resistance, neurodegenerative diseases or cancer, to name but a few, have also been important success stories. I will present some of these success stories, written thanks to these theoretical methods that all require high-performance computer facilities. I will conclude the presentation with some examples of developments, important for medical applications, and based on deep learning methods that also benefit from the availability of HPC.